![]() ![]() ![]() The rebel commanders then fought amongst themselves until Hissène Habré defeated his rivals. In 1979 the rebels conquered the capital and put an end to the South's hegemony. Resentment towards his policies in the Muslim north culminated in the eruption of a long-lasting civil war in 1965. In 1960, Chad obtained independence under the leadership of François Tombalbaye. France conquered the territory by 1920 and incorporated it as part of French Equatorial Africa. By the end of the 1st millennium AD, a series of states and empires had risen and fallen in Chad's Sahelian strip, each focused on controlling the trans-Saharan trade routes that passed through the region. īeginning in the 7th millennium BC, human populations moved into the Chadian basin in great numbers. Islam (51.8%) and Christianity (44.1%) are the main religions practiced in Chad. It is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. Chad's official languages are Arabic and French. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetland in Africa. It has a population of 16 million, of which 1.6 million live in the capital and largest city N'Djamena.Ĭhad has several regions: a desert zone in the north, an arid Sahelian belt in the centre and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Chad is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon to the south-west, Nigeria to the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to the west. Chad ( / tʃ æ d/ ( listen) Arabic: تشاد Tšād, Arabic pronunciation: French: Tchad, pronounced ), officially known as the Republic of Chad (Arabic: جمهورية تْشَاد Jumhūriyyat Tšād French: République du Tchad), is a landlocked country at the crossroads of north- central Africa. ![]()
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